Defined in RFC 2281, HSRP is usually a Cisco-proprietary protocol in which routers are put into an HSRP router team. Along with dynamic routing practices and STP, HSRP is considered a high-availability system service, since all three produce an almost immediate cutover to a second path when the primary journey is unavailable.
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One of the wireless routers will be selected as the key ("Active", in HSRP terminology), and that key will handle the redirecting while the other routers have been in standby, ready to handle force if the primary router will become unavailable. In this fashion, HSRP ensures a high network uptime, since it paths IP traffic without depending on a single router.
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The serves using HSRP as a gateway have no idea of the actual IP or Apple pc addresses of the routers in the group. They're communicating with any pseudorouter, a "virtual router" created by the HSRP arrangement. This virtual router will have a virtual MAC and IP adddress as well.
The standby wireless routers aren't just going to be a slave to, though, By configuring a number of HSRP groups on a single interface, HSRP heap balancing can be achieved.
Before we are to the more advanced HSRP configuration, many of us better get a basic one started, We'll be using any two-router topology here, and keep in mind that you or both of these routers could possibly be multilayer switches as well. For ease of reading, I'm going to refer to these only as routers.
R2 and R3 will both be put together to be in standby group 5 various. The virtual router will have an IP address of 172.14.23.10 /24. All serves in VLAN 100 should use this address as their default entry.
R2(config)#interface ethernet0
R2(config-if)#standby 5 ip 172.12.23.10
R3(config)#interface ethernet0
R3(config-if)#standby 5 ip 172.14.23.10
The indicate command for HSRP is indicate standby, and it's the first demand you should run while making and troubleshooting HSRP. Let's work it on both routers and compare results.
R2#show standby
Ethernet0 ( space ) Group 5
Local express is Standby, priority One hundred
Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 second
Next hello sent in 1.776
Virtual IP address is 172.14.23.10 configured
Effective router is 172.12.23.3, priority 100 finishes in 9.568
Standby wireless router is local
1 express changes, last state modify 00:00:22
R3#show life
Ethernet0 - Group 5
Nearby state is Active, main concern 100
Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 15 sec
Next hello sent in 2.592
Virtual IP address is definitely 172.12.23.10 put together
Active router is community
Standby router is 172.14.23.2 expires within 8.020
Virtual mac deal with is 0000.0c07.ac05
2 state changes, last state change 00:02:08
We can observe that R3 has been selected as the Effective router ("local state is Active"), the virtual router's IP is 172.14.23.10, and R2 would be the standby router.
There are some HSRP values that you'll need to change from time to time. What if we want R2 to be the Active router instead? Are we able to change the MAC address from the virtual router? I'll response those questions in the next thing about this HSRP tutorial.
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